ÖZET
Amaç:
Araştırmada yetişkinlerde Obstrüktif Uyku Apne Sendromunu (OSAS) etkileyen faktörleri saptamak ve OSAS ile gündüz uykululuğu, obezite ve komorbidite sayısı arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek amaçlandı.
Gereç ve Yöntem:
Bu retrospektif araştırma Çanakkale’de Temmuz 2017-Haziran 2018 tarihleri arasında 18 yaş ve üstü 682 yetişkin ile yürütüldü. Polisomnografi ölçümünden elde edilen Apne-hipopne indeksi (AHİ) ≥5 ise OSAS olarak değerlendirildi. Gündüz uykululuğunu belirlemede Epworth Uykululuk Ölçeği (EUÖ) kullanıldı.
Bulgular:
Katılımcıların %22,1’i hafif, %15,8’i orta, %36,5’i şiddetli düzeyde OSAS’lidir. Multivariate lojistik regresyon analizine göre: OSAS riski erkeklerde, 50 yaş ve üzerinde, alkol kullananlarda, gündüz uykululuğu olanlarda, fazla kilolu ve obezlerde, iki ve daha fazla hastalığı olanlarda yüksektir (p<0,05). Hipertansiyon ve kronik obstrüktif akciğer hastalığı (KOAH) hastalarında OSAS riski daha yüksektir (p<0,05). Düzeltilmiş multivariate lineer regresion analizine göre; EUÖ skorunun [β: 0,416, %95 güven aralığı (GA): 0,124-0,708)], Vücut Kütle indeksinin (VKİ) (β: 1,701, %95 GA: 1,390-2,011) ve komorbiditenin (β: 2,441, %95 GA: 0,121-4,762) her 1-birim artışında AHİ artmaktadır (p<0,05).
Sonuç:
Yaklaşık her dört katılımcıdan üçü OSAS’lidir. Erkek cinsiyet, ileri yaş, alkol kullanma, aşırı gündüz uykululuğu, fazla kilo ve obezite, komorbidite OSAS riskini artırmaktadır. Hipertansiyon ve KOAH hastalarında risk daha yüksektir. EUÖ skoru, VKİ ve komorbidite arttıkça AHİ artmaktadır. Sağlık çalışanları tanı konmamış OSAS olgularının tespitinde risk altında olanları saptamalı, erken tanı ve girişim için ilgili kliniklere yönlendirmelidir.
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