Öz
Amaç
Uyku bozuklukları ve uykusuzluk, ergenlerde ruh sağlığını, yaşam kalitesini ve kendine zarar verme gibi riskli davranışları önemli ölçüde etkileyen önemli sağlık sorunlarıdır. Bu çalışma, İran’ın Kerman kentindeki ergenlerde uyku kalitesini, uykusuzluk şiddetini ve bunu etkileyen demografik ve klinik faktörleri araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır.
Gereç ve Yöntem
2023 yılında, Kerman Tıp Bilimleri Üniversitesi psikiyatri ve danışmanlık merkezlerinden kendine zarar verme davranışları gösteren 12—20 yaş arası 80 ergen çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Veriler, Pittsburgh Uyku Kalitesi İndeksi ve Uykusuzluk şiddeti Uykusuzluk Şiddeti İndeksi anketleri, yapılandırılmış görüşmeler ve öz bildirim anketleri kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Anketler standart kurallara göre puanlanmış ve analizde çeşitli istatistiksel testler kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular
Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 16,36 olup, %56,2’si erkektir. Ergenlerin %96,25’inde kötü uyku kalitesi tespit edilmiştir. Uykusuzluk şiddeti sırasıyla hafif (%13,75), orta (%23,75), şiddetli (%40) ve çok şiddetli (%22,5) olarak belirlendi. Yaş ve uykusuzluk şiddeti arasında anlamlı negatif korelasyon bulundu ve erkeklerde uyku kalitesi daha düşüktü. Uykusuzluk şiddeti, eğitim seviyesi yüksek olanlarda daha yüksek, kronik hastalığı olanlarda ise uyku kalitesi anlamlı derecede düşüktü. Ayrıca, hastaneye yatış ve madde bağımlılığı öyküsü ile de ilişki bulundu.
Sonuç
Sonuç olarak, yaş, cinsiyet, eğitim, kronik hastalık ve zararlı davranışlar gibi faktörlerin ergenlerde uyku kalitesi ve uykusuzluk şiddetinde önemli rol oynadığı gösterilmiştir. Çok boyutlu müdahalelerin (bilişsel davranışçı terapi - uykusuzluk, stres yönetimi ve uyku hijyeni eğitimi) önemi vurgulanmaktadır.
Anahtar Kelimeler:
Uyku bozuklukları, uykusuzluk, uyku kalitesi, ergenler, kendine zarar verme
Kaynaklar
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