ÖZET
Amaç:
Bruksizm masseter, temporalis ve diğer çene kaslarının kasılması nedeniyle dişlerin sıkılması veya öğütülmesi ile karakterizedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, bruksizmi olan ve olmayan temporomandibular bozukluğu (TMD) olan hastaların psikolojik profilini ve uyku kalitesini değerlendirmektir.
Gereç ve Yöntem:
Çalışma, bir diş hekimliği fakültesinin ağız ve çene-yüz cerrahisi kliniğine tedavi için gelen TMD hastaları üzerinde gerçekleştirildi. RDC/TMD’ye göre TME bozukluğu tanısı alan 464 hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi ve bruksizmi olan ve olmayan olmak üzere iki gruba ayrıldı. Psikolojik durumu değerlendirmek için STAI-T Anksiyete ölçeği ve Beck Depresyon ölçeği kullanıldı ve Pittsburgh Uyku Kalitesi indeksi (PSQI) ile uyku kalitesi değerlendirildi. Veriler SPSS-20 programı ile analiz edildi.
Bulgular:
Bruksizm sıklığı anksiyete ve depresyon düzeylerine göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede farklılık gösterdi (p<0,005). Bruksizm oranı en düşük anksiyete düzeyine sahip grupta %58,3, orta derecede anksiyete grubunda %70,1 ve şiddetli anksiyete grubunda %79 idi. Bruksizm hafif depresyon grubunun %72,9’unda, orta derece depresyon grubunun %78,5’inde ve şiddetli depresyonu olan grubun %100’ünde gözlendi. Bruksizmi olan ve olmayan TMD hastalarının uyku kalitesinde önemli farklılıklar gözlendi. Bruksizmi olan TMD hastalarının %68,6’sında, bruksizmi olmayanların %58,6’sında düşük uyku kalitesi gözlendi (p<0,005). Bruksizm hastalarının “uyku gecikmesi” ve “uyku bozuklukları” puanları bruksizmi olmayan gruptan daha yüksekti (p<0,005). Ancak toplam PSQI skorları açısından her iki grup arasında anlamlı fark yoktu (p=0,145).
Sonuç:
Artan anksiyete ve depresyon düzeyleri hastalarda bruksizm insidansını artırdı. Bruksizmi olan TMD hastalarının, bruksizmi olmayanlara göre daha düşük uyku kalitesine sahip olduğu görüldü.
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